First published: 2013.
Library copy published: 2013.

“The simple result of these models is that division of labor is an emergent property of group living. It is inescapable. Behavior is based on responses to stimuli. Individuals differ in their thresholds of response and the probability that they will encounter the stimulus, and as a consequence of their response, they alter the stimulus and thereby affect the response probabilities of others in the group.” p. 19

“There is no central control of individual workers: they have limited global information about the state of the nest and the activities of others and behave by responding to local stimuli. From these different organisational levels emerges self-organized collective behaviour.” p. 111